MnO
Manganese(II) oxide · Manganosite
Manganese(II) oxide is an inorganic compound that appears as a greenish powder. It is primarily utilized as a component in fertilizers and as a precursor for the production of various manganese salts and industrial catalysts.
Overview
Key Properties
Cross-validated computational properties for Manganese(II) oxide, aggregated across 4 databases.
Band GapEnergy needed to move an electron from the valence band to the conduction band. Lower or zero values tend to behave more metallic; larger gaps are more insulating or semiconducting.
0.18–1.31 eV
Range across DFT structures
Energy Above HullThermodynamic distance from the most stable set of competing phases. 0 eV/atom is on the convex hull; small positive values may still be experimentally accessible.
0.000 eV/atom
Best (lowest) across sources
StabilityA plain-language summary of the best reported energy-above-hull result. It reflects whether the lowest-energy structure is on, near, or far from the stability hull.
On hull (stable)
2 DFT sources
StructuresCount of reported calculated crystal structures for this formula, including alternate polymorphs, source databases, and observed space groups.
413
4 databases, 46 space groups
Validation
Cross-Source DFT Agreement
How well independent DFT databases agree on the thermodynamics of MnO. Tight agreement means computed properties can be trusted without re-running calculations.
Agreement ScoreA normalized confidence score summarizing how closely independent DFT databases agree. Higher scores mean tighter cross-source agreement.
1.00 / 1.00
Trust tier: medium
Hull SpreadDifference between the highest and lowest energy-above-hull values reported by comparable sources. Smaller spread means less thermodynamic disagreement.
0.000 eV
EAH spread across sources
Sources ComparedNumber and names of computational sources with comparable entries for this formula.
2
jarvis, materials_project
Space Group ConsensusWhether independent sources predict the same crystal symmetry for the lowest-energy structure.
All match
Crystallography
Reported Structures
Lowest-energy structures reported for MnO, ranked by energy above hull.
| Space GroupSymmetry classification of the crystal arrangement. The number is the international space-group index. | Crystal SystemBroad lattice family, such as cubic, tetragonal, monoclinic, or triclinic, derived from unit-cell symmetry. | Band Gap (eV)Electronic gap calculated for this specific reported structure, measured in electronvolts. | E above hull (eV/atom)Thermodynamic distance from the convex hull for this structure, normalized per atom. Lower is generally more stable. | E/atom (eV)Computed total energy normalized per atom. Use energy above hull, not this value alone, when comparing stability. | Density (g/cm³)Mass per relaxed crystal volume, reported in grams per cubic centimeter. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pmmn (No. 59) | orthorhombic | 1.31 | 0.0000 | -9.088 | 5.48 |
| Fm-3m (No. 225) | cubic | 0.18 | 0.0534 | -9.034 | 5.35 |
| Cmc21 (No. 36) | orthorhombic | 0.99 | 0.0554 | -9.032 | 4.23 |
| P63mc (No. 186) | hexagonal | 0.00 | 0.0586 | -9.029 | 4.35 |
| F-43m (No. 216) | cubic | 0.01 | 0.1331 | -8.954 | 4.11 |
| P-6m2 (No. 187) | hexagonal | 0.00 | 0.4157 | -8.672 | 2.35 |
| No. 0 | unknown | — | — | — | 1.34 |
| No. 0 | unknown | — | — | — | 3.97 |
| No. 0 | unknown | — | — | — | 1.34 |
| No. 0 | unknown | — | — | — | 1.35 |
| No. 0 | unknown | — | — | — | 1.37 |
| No. 0 | unknown | — | — | — | 1.39 |
Synthesis
Synthesis Routes
Literature-extracted synthesis procedures targeting MnO.
Sol-Gel
Procedure available · ceder_solid_state
Sol-Gel
Procedure available · ceder_solid_state
Sol-Gel
Procedure available · ceder_solid_state
Sol-Gel
Procedure available · ceder_solid_state
Sol-Gel
Procedure available · ceder_solid_state
Uses
Applications
Where Manganese(II) oxide is used.
Fertilizer additivesCeramic pigmentsGlass manufacturingAnimal feed supplementsCatalyst production
Reference
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about Manganese(II) oxide, answered from cross-validated data.
What is MnO?
Manganese(II) oxide is an inorganic compound that appears as a greenish powder. It is primarily utilized as a component in fertilizers and as a precursor for the production of various manganese salts and industrial catalysts.
More questions
What is MnO used for?
Manganese(II) oxide (MnO) is used in fertilizer additives, ceramic pigments, glass manufacturing, animal feed supplements, and catalyst production.
What is the band gap of MnO?
Manganese(II) oxide (MnO) has a DFT-computed band gap of 0.18–1.31 eV across 413 reported structures.
Is MnO a metal, semiconductor, or insulator?
With a band gap up to 1.31 eV it is a semiconductor.
Is MnO thermodynamically stable?
Yes — Manganese(II) oxide (MnO) sits on the convex hull (energy above hull 0 eV/atom), i.e. on hull (stable).
What is the crystal structure of MnO?
The lowest-energy reported polymorph of Manganese(II) oxide (MnO) is orthorhombic symmetry, space group Pmmn (No. 59).
What is the density of MnO?
The computed density of the ground-state structure of Manganese(II) oxide (MnO) is 5.48 g/cm³.
How many polymorphs of MnO are known?
413 structures of MnO are reported across 4 databases, spanning 46 distinct space groups.
How is MnO synthesized?
Literature-reported routes for MnO include sol-gel (5 procedures documented).
What elements does MnO contain?
Manganese(II) oxide (MnO) contains Mn and O (2 elements).
Where does the data for MnO come from?
MnO data is cross-referenced from materials_project, cod.
Explore
Related Compounds
Other Conversion Oxide Anodes in the database.
Data sources & attribution
- materials_project — Data from the Materials Project. Cite: Jain et al., APL Materials 1, 011002 (2013).
- cod — Data from the Crystallography Open Database. Cite: Grazulis et al., Nucleic Acids Res. 40, D420 (2012).
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