Mn3O4
Hausmannite · trimanganese tetroxide, manganese(II,III) oxide
Hausmannite is a naturally occurring manganese oxide mineral that serves as a primary source of manganese. It is widely utilized in industrial processes due to its stable structure and electrochemical properties.
Overview
Key Properties
Cross-validated computational properties for Hausmannite, aggregated across 4 databases.
Band GapEnergy needed to move an electron from the valence band to the conduction band. Lower or zero values tend to behave more metallic; larger gaps are more insulating or semiconducting.
0.83 eV
Range across DFT structures
Energy Above HullThermodynamic distance from the most stable set of competing phases. 0 eV/atom is on the convex hull; small positive values may still be experimentally accessible.
0.000 eV/atom
Best (lowest) across sources
StabilityA plain-language summary of the best reported energy-above-hull result. It reflects whether the lowest-energy structure is on, near, or far from the stability hull.
On hull (stable)
3 DFT sources
StructuresCount of reported calculated crystal structures for this formula, including alternate polymorphs, source databases, and observed space groups.
57
4 databases, 17 space groups
Crystallography
Reported Structures
Lowest-energy structures reported for Mn3O4, ranked by energy above hull.
| Space GroupSymmetry classification of the crystal arrangement. The number is the international space-group index. | Crystal SystemBroad lattice family, such as cubic, tetragonal, monoclinic, or triclinic, derived from unit-cell symmetry. | Band Gap (eV)Electronic gap calculated for this specific reported structure, measured in electronvolts. | E above hull (eV/atom)Thermodynamic distance from the convex hull for this structure, normalized per atom. Lower is generally more stable. | E/atom (eV)Computed total energy normalized per atom. Use energy above hull, not this value alone, when comparing stability. | Density (g/cm³)Mass per relaxed crystal volume, reported in grams per cubic centimeter. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I41/amd (No. 141) | tetragonal | 0.81 | 0.0000 | -8.804 | 4.89 |
| Pbcm (No. 57) | orthorhombic | 0.00 | 0.0525 | -8.752 | 5.11 |
| Pmc21 (No. 26) | orthorhombic | 0.83 | 0.0550 | -8.749 | 5.09 |
| P21 (No. 4) | monoclinic | 0.00 | 0.1861 | -8.618 | 3.06 |
| Pm (No. 6) | monoclinic | 0.00 | 0.2187 | -8.586 | 3.75 |
| Pbcm (No. 57) | orthorhombic | 0.00 | 0.2190 | -8.585 | 3.76 |
| Cmcm (No. 63) | orthorhombic | 0.00 | 0.2227 | -8.582 | 3.68 |
| Pbcm (No. 57) | orthorhombic | 0.00 | 0.5794 | -8.225 | 3.31 |
| C2/m (No. 12) | Monoclinic | — | — | — | 3.86 |
| Pbcm (No. 57) | — | — | — | — | — |
| P-6m2 (No. 187) | Hexagonal | — | — | — | 6.10 |
| P2/m (No. 10) | Monoclinic | — | — | — | 6.40 |
Uses
Applications
Where Hausmannite is used.
pigment productioncatalysisbattery electrode materialsferrite productionsteel manufacturing
Reference
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about Hausmannite, answered from cross-validated data.
What is Mn3O4?
Hausmannite is a naturally occurring manganese oxide mineral that serves as a primary source of manganese. It is widely utilized in industrial processes due to its stable structure and electrochemical properties.
More questions
What is Mn3O4 used for?
Hausmannite (Mn3O4) is used in pigment production, catalysis, battery electrode materials, ferrite production, and steel manufacturing.
What is the band gap of Mn3O4?
Hausmannite (Mn3O4) has a DFT-computed band gap of 0.83 eV across 57 reported structures.
Is Mn3O4 a metal, semiconductor, or insulator?
With a band gap up to 0.83 eV it is a semiconductor.
Is Mn3O4 thermodynamically stable?
Yes — Hausmannite (Mn3O4) sits on the convex hull (energy above hull 0 eV/atom), i.e. on hull (stable).
What is the crystal structure of Mn3O4?
The lowest-energy reported polymorph of Hausmannite (Mn3O4) is tetragonal symmetry, space group I41/amd (No. 141).
What is the density of Mn3O4?
The computed density of the ground-state structure of Hausmannite (Mn3O4) is 4.89 g/cm³.
How many polymorphs of Mn3O4 are known?
57 structures of Mn3O4 are reported across 4 databases, spanning 17 distinct space groups.
What elements does Mn3O4 contain?
Hausmannite (Mn3O4) contains Mn and O (2 elements).
Where does the data for Mn3O4 come from?
Mn3O4 data is cross-referenced from materials_project, mpaloe, jarvis.
Explore
Related Compounds
Other Conversion Oxide Anodes in the database.
Data sources & attribution
- materials_project — Data from the Materials Project. Cite: Jain et al., APL Materials 1, 011002 (2013).
- mpaloe — Data from mpaloe.
- jarvis — Data from JARVIS (NIST). Cite: Choudhary et al., npj Comp. Mater. 6, 173 (2020).
Analyze Mn3O4 in the Lattice Graph platform
Polymorph comparison, confidence scoring, supply-chain risk, and patent monitoring — across 53 integrated data sources.
Explore the Platform →