SnSO4
tin(II) sulfate · stannous sulfate
SnSO4 is a stable, insulating tin sulfate compound used in diverse chemical and material science applications.
About tin(II) sulfate
SnSO4 is a stable inorganic compound that exists on the convex hull, indicating high thermodynamic favorability. As a wide-gap insulator, it maintains distinct electronic characteristics that differentiate it from typical conductive oxides, making it a subject of interest in structural research with numerous reported configurations.
This material plays a specialized role in chemical processing and material synthesis. Its stability and structural diversity allow it to serve as a precursor or functional component in various industrial applications where tin-based chemistry is required.
Key Properties
Cross-validated computational properties for tin(II) sulfate, aggregated across 3 databases.
Band GapEnergy needed to move an electron from the valence band to the conduction band. Lower or zero values tend to behave more metallic; larger gaps are more insulating or semiconducting.
Energy Above HullThermodynamic distance from the most stable set of competing phases. 0 eV/atom is on the convex hull; small positive values may still be experimentally accessible.
StabilityA plain-language summary of the best reported energy-above-hull result. It reflects whether the lowest-energy structure is on, near, or far from the stability hull.
StructuresCount of reported calculated crystal structures for this formula, including alternate polymorphs, source databases, and observed space groups.
Cross-Source DFT Agreement
How well independent DFT databases agree on the thermodynamics of SnSO4. Tight agreement means computed properties can be trusted without re-running calculations.
Agreement ScoreA normalized confidence score summarizing how closely independent DFT databases agree. Higher scores mean tighter cross-source agreement.
Hull SpreadDifference between the highest and lowest energy-above-hull values reported by comparable sources. Smaller spread means less thermodynamic disagreement.
Sources ComparedNumber and names of computational sources with comparable entries for this formula.
Space Group ConsensusWhether independent sources predict the same crystal symmetry for the lowest-energy structure.
Reported Structures
Lowest-energy structures reported for SnSO4, ranked by energy above hull.
| Space GroupSymmetry classification of the crystal arrangement. The number is the international space-group index. | Crystal SystemBroad lattice family, such as cubic, tetragonal, monoclinic, or triclinic, derived from unit-cell symmetry. | Band Gap (eV)Electronic gap calculated for this specific reported structure, measured in electronvolts. | E above hull (eV/atom)Thermodynamic distance from the convex hull for this structure, normalized per atom. Lower is generally more stable. | E/atom (eV)Computed total energy normalized per atom. Use energy above hull, not this value alone, when comparing stability. | Density (g/cm³)Mass per relaxed crystal volume, reported in grams per cubic centimeter. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| — | — | 4.05 | 0.0000 | -1.701 | — |
| Pnma (No. 62) | orthorhombic | 3.92 | 0.0000 | -1.461 | — |
| Pnma (No. 62) | orthorhombic | 4.12 | 0.0025 | -6.491 | 4.18 |
| P-1 (No. 2) | triclinic | 4.11 | 0.0048 | -6.489 | 3.94 |
| — | — | 4.16 | 0.0053 | -1.696 | — |
| — | — | 3.90 | 0.0067 | -1.695 | — |
| P21/c (No. 14) | monoclinic | 4.17 | 0.0068 | -6.487 | 4.11 |
| Pnma (No. 62) | orthorhombic | 4.06 | 0.0091 | -1.452 | — |
| — | — | 3.82 | 0.0191 | -1.682 | — |
| P-1 (No. 2) | triclinic | 3.73 | 0.0266 | -6.467 | 3.56 |
| — | — | 3.73 | 0.0480 | -1.653 | — |
| — | — | 2.79 | 0.0509 | -1.650 | — |
Applications
Where tin(II) sulfate is used.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about tin(II) sulfate, answered from cross-validated data.
What is SnSO4?
SnSO4 is a stable, insulating tin sulfate compound used in diverse chemical and material science applications.
What is SnSO4 used for?
What is the band gap of SnSO4?
Is SnSO4 a metal, semiconductor, or insulator?
Is SnSO4 thermodynamically stable?
What is the crystal structure of SnSO4?
How many polymorphs of SnSO4 are known?
What elements does SnSO4 contain?
Where does the data for SnSO4 come from?
How It Compares
Within the transparent conducting oxides class.
While many members of the transparent conducting oxide class, such as BaSnO3, are engineered for high electrical conductivity, SnSO4 functions primarily as an insulating material. It contrasts with complex oxides like ZnGa2O4 or Zn2SiO4, which are often studied for their optoelectronic properties, by providing a stable sulfate-based framework rather than a traditional binary or ternary oxide lattice.
Related Compounds
Other Transparent Conducting Oxides in the database.
Data sources & attribution
- oqmd — Data from the OQMD (oqmd.org). Cite: Saal et al., JOM 65, 1501 (2013); Kirklin et al., npj Comp. Mater. 1, 15010 (2015). (CC-BY-4.0)
- jarvis — Data from JARVIS (jarvis.nist.gov), NIST. Cite: Choudhary et al., npj Comp. Mater. 6, 173 (2020). (LicenseRef-US-Gov-PD)
- materials_project — Data from the Materials Project (materialsproject.org). Cite: Jain et al., APL Materials 1, 011002 (2013). (CC-BY-4.0)
- cod — Data from the Crystallography Open Database (crystallography.net/cod/). Cite: Grazulis et al., J. Appl. Cryst. 42, 726 (2009). (CC0-1.0)
- mpaloe — Data from MP-ALOE. Cite: Kuner et al., npj Comput. Mater. (2025), doi:10.1038/s41524-025-01834-9.
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