Na2O
Sodium oxide · Disodium oxide
Sodium oxide is a chemical compound that serves as a fundamental building block in the production of various glass and ceramic materials. It is highly reactive and typically functions as a precursor or fluxing agent in industrial chemical synthesis.
NaO
Overview
Key Properties
Cross-validated computational properties for Sodium oxide, aggregated across 3 databases.
Band GapEnergy needed to move an electron from the valence band to the conduction band. Lower or zero values tend to behave more metallic; larger gaps are more insulating or semiconducting.
0.12–1.87 eV
Range across DFT structures
Energy Above HullThermodynamic distance from the most stable set of competing phases. 0 eV/atom is on the convex hull; small positive values may still be experimentally accessible.
0.000 eV/atom
Best (lowest) across sources
StabilityA plain-language summary of the best reported energy-above-hull result. It reflects whether the lowest-energy structure is on, near, or far from the stability hull.
On hull (stable)
2 DFT sources
StructuresCount of reported calculated crystal structures for this formula, including alternate polymorphs, source databases, and observed space groups.
74
3 databases, 17 space groups
Crystallography
Reported Structures
Lowest-energy structures reported for Na2O, ranked by energy above hull.
| Space GroupSymmetry classification of the crystal arrangement. The number is the international space-group index. | Crystal SystemBroad lattice family, such as cubic, tetragonal, monoclinic, or triclinic, derived from unit-cell symmetry. | Band Gap (eV)Electronic gap calculated for this specific reported structure, measured in electronvolts. | E above hull (eV/atom)Thermodynamic distance from the convex hull for this structure, normalized per atom. Lower is generally more stable. | E/atom (eV)Computed total energy normalized per atom. Use energy above hull, not this value alone, when comparing stability. | Density (g/cm³)Mass per relaxed crystal volume, reported in grams per cubic centimeter. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fm-3m (No. 225) | cubic | 1.87 | 0.0000 | -3.970 | 2.49 |
| Pnnm (No. 58) | orthorhombic | 1.03 | 0.0701 | -3.899 | 2.11 |
| P-62m (No. 189) | hexagonal | 1.62 | 0.0734 | -3.896 | 2.73 |
| P321 (No. 150) | trigonal | 1.62 | 0.0737 | -3.896 | 2.73 |
| R-3m (No. 166) | trigonal | 1.09 | 0.0790 | -3.891 | 2.08 |
| P3 (No. 143) | trigonal | 1.51 | 0.0795 | -3.890 | 2.51 |
| C2/m (No. 12) | monoclinic | 1.67 | 0.0981 | -3.871 | 2.18 |
| P1 (No. 1) | triclinic | 0.68 | 0.1469 | -3.823 | 2.01 |
| P1 (No. 1) | triclinic | 0.12 | 0.2663 | -3.703 | 1.90 |
| Fm-3m (No. 225) | — | — | — | — | — |
| P-1 (No. 2) | Triclinic | — | — | — | 1.51 |
| R-3m (No. 166) | Trigonal | — | — | — | 2.15 |
Synthesis
Synthesis Routes
Literature-extracted synthesis procedures targeting Na2O.
Sol-Gel
Procedure available · ceder_solid_state
Sol-Gel
Procedure available · ceder_solid_state
Sol-Gel
Procedure available · ceder_solid_state
Sol-Gel
Procedure available · ceder_solid_state
Sol-Gel
Procedure available · ceder_solid_state
Sol-Gel
Procedure available · ceder_solid_state
Uses
Applications
Where Sodium oxide is used.
Glass manufacturingCeramic glazesChemical synthesisFluxing agent
Reference
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about Sodium oxide, answered from cross-validated data.
What is Na2O?
Sodium oxide is a chemical compound that serves as a fundamental building block in the production of various glass and ceramic materials. It is highly reactive and typically functions as a precursor or fluxing agent in industrial chemical synthesis.
More questions
What is Na2O used for?
Sodium oxide (Na2O) is used in glass manufacturing, ceramic glazes, chemical synthesis, and fluxing agent.
What is the band gap of Na2O?
Sodium oxide (Na2O) has a DFT-computed band gap of 0.12–1.87 eV across 74 reported structures.
Is Na2O a metal, semiconductor, or insulator?
With a band gap up to 1.87 eV it is a semiconductor.
Is Na2O thermodynamically stable?
Yes — Sodium oxide (Na2O) sits on the convex hull (energy above hull 0 eV/atom), i.e. on hull (stable).
What is the crystal structure of Na2O?
The lowest-energy reported polymorph of Sodium oxide (Na2O) is cubic symmetry, space group Fm-3m (No. 225).
What is the density of Na2O?
The computed density of the ground-state structure of Sodium oxide (Na2O) is 2.49 g/cm³.
How many polymorphs of Na2O are known?
74 structures of Na2O are reported across 3 databases, spanning 17 distinct space groups.
How is Na2O synthesized?
Literature-reported routes for Na2O include sol-gel (10 procedures documented).
What elements does Na2O contain?
Sodium oxide (Na2O) contains Na and O (2 elements).
Where does the data for Na2O come from?
Na2O data is cross-referenced from materials_project, jarvis, mpaloe.
Data sources & attribution
- materials_project — Data from the Materials Project. Cite: Jain et al., APL Materials 1, 011002 (2013).
- jarvis — Data from JARVIS (NIST). Cite: Choudhary et al., npj Comp. Mater. 6, 173 (2020).
- mpaloe — Data from mpaloe.
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