EuCl2
europium(II) chloride · europium dichloride
Europium(II) chloride is a thermodynamically stable, semiconducting halide compound frequently studied for its structural diversity and lanthanide-based chemical properties.
About europium(II) chloride
Europium(II) chloride is a thermodynamically stable inorganic compound characterized by its semiconducting electronic nature. It represents a significant member of the europium halide group, valued for its distinct chemical behavior and structural versatility. The material is well-documented in scientific literature, with numerous reported structural configurations that highlight its relevance in solid-state chemistry research. Its stability on the convex hull suggests a robust crystalline arrangement that is favorable for various experimental investigations. As a halide, it serves as a foundational material for exploring the electronic properties of divalent lanthanide species. Its role in the broader context of materials science is defined by its predictable synthesis and consistent behavior across diverse structural phases.
Key Properties
Cross-validated computational properties for europium(II) chloride, aggregated across 3 databases.
Band GapEnergy needed to move an electron from the valence band to the conduction band. Lower or zero values tend to behave more metallic; larger gaps are more insulating or semiconducting.
Energy Above HullThermodynamic distance from the most stable set of competing phases. 0 eV/atom is on the convex hull; small positive values may still be experimentally accessible.
StabilityA plain-language summary of the best reported energy-above-hull result. It reflects whether the lowest-energy structure is on, near, or far from the stability hull.
StructuresCount of reported calculated crystal structures for this formula, including alternate polymorphs, source databases, and observed space groups.
Cross-Source DFT Agreement
How well independent DFT databases agree on the thermodynamics of EuCl2. Tight agreement means computed properties can be trusted without re-running calculations.
Agreement ScoreA normalized confidence score summarizing how closely independent DFT databases agree. Higher scores mean tighter cross-source agreement.
Hull SpreadDifference between the highest and lowest energy-above-hull values reported by comparable sources. Smaller spread means less thermodynamic disagreement.
Sources ComparedNumber and names of computational sources with comparable entries for this formula.
Space Group ConsensusWhether independent sources predict the same crystal symmetry for the lowest-energy structure.
Reported Structures
Lowest-energy structures reported for EuCl2, ranked by energy above hull.
| Space GroupSymmetry classification of the crystal arrangement. The number is the international space-group index. | Crystal SystemBroad lattice family, such as cubic, tetragonal, monoclinic, or triclinic, derived from unit-cell symmetry. | Band Gap (eV)Electronic gap calculated for this specific reported structure, measured in electronvolts. | E above hull (eV/atom)Thermodynamic distance from the convex hull for this structure, normalized per atom. Lower is generally more stable. | E/atom (eV)Computed total energy normalized per atom. Use energy above hull, not this value alone, when comparing stability. | Density (g/cm³)Mass per relaxed crystal volume, reported in grams per cubic centimeter. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| — | — | 5.85 | 0.0000 | -2.842 | — |
| Pnma (No. 62) | orthorhombic | 1.31 | 0.0000 | -7.475 | 4.87 |
| — | — | 5.30 | 0.0006 | -2.841 | — |
| — | — | 5.40 | 0.0020 | -2.840 | — |
| — | — | 5.19 | 0.0203 | -2.822 | — |
| — | — | 5.62 | 0.0248 | -2.817 | — |
| — | — | 5.76 | 0.0252 | -2.817 | — |
| — | — | 5.61 | 0.0428 | -2.799 | — |
| — | — | 5.63 | 0.0433 | -2.799 | — |
| — | — | 5.58 | 0.0443 | -2.798 | — |
| P42/mnm (No. 136) | tetragonal | 1.21 | 0.0452 | -7.430 | 3.77 |
| — | — | 5.77 | 0.0454 | -2.797 | — |
Synthesis Routes
Literature-extracted synthesis procedures targeting EuCl2.
Applications
Where europium(II) chloride is used.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about europium(II) chloride, answered from cross-validated data.
What is EuCl2?
Europium(II) chloride is a thermodynamically stable, semiconducting halide compound frequently studied for its structural diversity and lanthanide-based chemical properties.
What is EuCl2 used for?
What is the band gap of EuCl2?
Is EuCl2 a metal, semiconductor, or insulator?
Is EuCl2 thermodynamically stable?
What is the crystal structure of EuCl2?
What is the density of EuCl2?
How many polymorphs of EuCl2 are known?
How is EuCl2 synthesized?
What elements does EuCl2 contain?
Where does the data for EuCl2 come from?
How It Compares
As a primary representative of the europium halide class, this compound serves as a benchmark for understanding the electronic and structural trends of divalent lanthanide halides. Its high degree of structural documentation compared to less-studied analogs makes it a critical reference point for researchers analyzing the stability and semiconducting performance of similar metal-halide systems.
Data sources & attribution
- oqmd — Data from the OQMD (oqmd.org). Cite: Saal et al., JOM 65, 1501 (2013); Kirklin et al., npj Comp. Mater. 1, 15010 (2015). (CC-BY-4.0)
- materials_project — Data from the Materials Project (materialsproject.org). Cite: Jain et al., APL Materials 1, 011002 (2013). (CC-BY-4.0)
- jarvis — Data from JARVIS (jarvis.nist.gov), NIST. Cite: Choudhary et al., npj Comp. Mater. 6, 173 (2020). (LicenseRef-US-Gov-PD)
- mpaloe — Data from MP-ALOE. Cite: Kuner et al., npj Comput. Mater. (2025), doi:10.1038/s41524-025-01834-9.
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