CO2
Carbon dioxide · Dry ice, Carbonic anhydride
Carbon dioxide is a stable, insulating molecular compound that plays a vital role in biological and industrial systems.
About Carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide is a fundamental molecular compound consisting of carbon and oxygen. It is characterized by its wide-gap insulating electronic nature and high thermodynamic stability, placing it firmly on the convex hull of stable phases.
Due to its prevalence and stability, this compound is one of the most extensively studied materials in chemical databases. It serves as a critical component in atmospheric chemistry, biological respiration, and various industrial cooling and carbonation applications.
Key Properties
Cross-validated computational properties for Carbon dioxide, aggregated across 4 databases.
Band GapEnergy needed to move an electron from the valence band to the conduction band. Lower or zero values tend to behave more metallic; larger gaps are more insulating or semiconducting.
Energy Above HullThermodynamic distance from the most stable set of competing phases. 0 eV/atom is on the convex hull; small positive values may still be experimentally accessible.
StabilityA plain-language summary of the best reported energy-above-hull result. It reflects whether the lowest-energy structure is on, near, or far from the stability hull.
StructuresCount of reported calculated crystal structures for this formula, including alternate polymorphs, source databases, and observed space groups.
Synthesis Routes
Literature-extracted synthesis procedures targeting CO2.
Applications
Where Carbon dioxide is used.
Patent Landscape
499 patents reference CO2 or close compositional variants.
| Patent | Title | Assignee | Granted |
|---|---|---|---|
| 9114359 | Method for producing sorbents for CO2 capture under high temperatures | — | — |
| 9272255 | Combustion device that produces hydrogen with the re-use of captured CO2 | — | — |
| 9770706 | Catalyst composition for the production of syngas from methane, process therefore and process for CO2 reformin | — | — |
| 8178588 | Method and apparatus for reducing CO2 in a stream by conversion to a syngas for production of energy | — | — |
| 8197576 | CO2-facilitated transport membrane and method for producing the same | — | — |
| 9228494 | Hybrid cycle SOFC-inverted gas turbine with CO2 separation | — | — |
| 9339757 | Rate enhancement of CO2 absorption in aqueous potassium carbonate solutions by an ammonia-based catalyst | — | — |
| 9895648 | CO2 recovery system | — | — |
| 7604684 | Method for selective removal of hydrogen sulphide and CO2 from crude gas | — | — |
| 8894830 | CO2 utilization in electrochemical systems | — | — |
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about Carbon dioxide, answered from cross-validated data.
What is CO2?
Carbon dioxide is a stable, insulating molecular compound that plays a vital role in biological and industrial systems.
What is CO2 used for?
What is the band gap of CO2?
Is CO2 a metal, semiconductor, or insulator?
Is CO2 thermodynamically stable?
How many polymorphs of CO2 are known?
How is CO2 synthesized?
What elements does CO2 contain?
Where does the data for CO2 come from?
How It Compares
As a foundational molecular oxide, carbon dioxide serves as the benchmark for stability and electronic insulation within its chemical family, representing a highly robust and well-documented phase in structural materials science.
Data sources & attribution
- latticegraph — Lattice Graph Materials Intelligence Platform
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